Inside the Butte de Vauquois

I never tire of looking at the Vauquois monument on the French side of the hill. It apparently has a red beacon light that shines in response to the Douaumont Ossuary’s own red beacon several kilometers away. I have never seen the light at work, so a future evening trip is in order. The detail in the sculpture though is startling–in the trench lies a corpse, already incorporated into the trench wall while the living guard remains at the alert.

Getting into the tunnels was something truly remarkable. Through Randy Gaulke of meuse-argonne.com I connected with the Les Amis group and got into a tour in the summer of 2018 with my stepson Lee of the Viking Age Podcast, my Army brother Chuck, and my good friend Michiel.

Getting inside Vauquois was one extraordinary afternoon in a trip of extraordinary days. It was an experience that I will never forget, and it’s right up there with being at LTC Driant’s command post at the Bois des Caures at the exact minute of the 100th anniversary of the Battle of Verdun, and it’s up there with being able to stand in the foxholes of the Lost Battalion near Charlevaux Mill.

We entered the tunnels through a small 4ft by 4ft doorway at the end of one of the German trenches, and you had to enter hunched down and backwards in order to step down into a damp passageway.

Once inside this first tunnel we entered a dimly-lit world of hand-hewn tunnels that had wiring along the walls for lights and German street names at the corners.

Monsieur Guy Bigorgne led us through a tour of tunnels and rooms where bunks and tables sat, along with equipment and gear collected. In some of the rooms it looked like the bottles and tools were as the French and Germans had left them a century before.

What it must have been like for the men who had to live in that hill. At regular temperature the tunnels were about fifty degrees Fahrenheit; a little chilly for just a t-shirt and fishing shirt. During the war, the air inside the underground complexes would have been the same chilly norm with pockets of hot air in rooms where pumps and other machinery worked. The air would have been stale with earth, exhaust fumes, sweat, and human waste. The air must have been nauseating at times. The French tunnels featured wooden supports, along with low tunnels that supported a light railway cart system for the removal of earth and rock from the mine galleries. On either side of the hill though, the accommodations shed light on the dark troglodyte world these men endured for years on end.

It was a wonderful tour, and Guy Bigorgne said himself that he is a talker and thus his tours are generally longer than those of the other guides. I could have listened to him for days, he has a remarkable wealth of knowledge and his passion for the subject of Vauquois is evident.

From left: Chuck, Lee, Michiel, myself, and Guy Bigorgne.

If you ever visit the Verdun and Meuse-Argonne battlefields, do make a stop at Vauquois. This is a site left largely untouched since the end of the Great War, and the ground stands in silent agony there. Even a walk across the tortured summit is well worth it. You’ll feel the war up close.

So…the only way to finish this post is with my man Chuck’s words down in the tunnels:

“Man, you go through all this shit and still lose?”

Episode SA10: Vauquois – “A Heap of Ruins Stuffed with Dead Men’s Bones.”

A gift to the steadfast supporters of the BFWWP on Patreon. It really means a lot to me that you have signed on as patrons of the show, and I wanted to give you all an extra episode. Thanks so much, everyone!

The story of the First World War in the Meuse-Argonne region of France cannot be told without talking about the Butte de Vauquois. So here, in an attempt to do a part-travelogue, part-history episode, I retell the story of this tortured and murdered hill. This scene of terrible mine warfare–where an ancient village and six meters of height were erased from the crest during the war–remains today a stark reminder of the brutal nature of the Great War. 

The link to the episode is below. If you’re a patron on Patreon, thanks again so very much. If you are not yet a patron on Patreon, check it out!

https://www.patreon.com/posts/24737436

Some kind of entry way to a German dugout or tunnel on the north side of Vauquois. A recovered Minenwerfer in the background being checked out by Lee.

The Butte de Vauquois

The summit of the Butte de Vauquois on a somber and wet February day in 2016.

The photos in this post are from February of 2016, when my stepson Lee and I took a week to be in France for the 100th anniversary of the Battle of Verdun. On a rainy and misty weekend day, we took a tour of the Meuse-Argonne region to visit some of the more salient points of interest. One of them was the Butte de Vauquois.

The road up to the Butte de Vauquois.
These kiosks typically offer text in French, German, and English.

At the time I didn’t know too much about Vauquois, only that mine warfare had dominated this sector of the front and that this hill was a hinge on the Verdun salient’s western side. I had seen photos on the Web, of course, and knew the barest details of the wartime history of the hill. I knew there would be some mine craters.

When you get close you see the hill is now wooded, and even in winter this obscures the true state of the butte today. Coming up the road to the hilltop battlefield, you are coming in from the rear of the French lines. The parking lot is on the western end of the hill, and here there are numerous artifacts related to the struggle for Vauquois Hill displayed at the edges of the lot. There is a visitor center that appears to be a former dugout, and it’s a great little place full of weapons, tools, and other artifacts used in the Vauquois sector and beyond.

At the upper edge of the lot are steps that lead up to the summit of the hill, and it’s a good walk to get up there.

The first thing you will see as you clear the trees is a massive mine crater. It’s like a giant dug his hand into the hill and tore out a huge chunk of it. It’s a hole big enough to fit a house in–literally, and I mean “literally” in the real sense of the word. This is the result of the May 14, 1916 mine set off by the Germans, where 60 tons of Westfalit explosives were used in an attempt to rupture the French lines.

The massive mine crater created on May 14, 1916 when the Germans detonated a mine packed with 60 tons of explosives. 108 French Poilus were killed in the blast.

This isn’t the only crater like this. Get to the top of the hill–now some eighteen feet shorter due to the First World War–and you will see a chain of massive holes that bisect the Butte de Vauquois. Not only has six meters of earth and an ancient village been wiped off the top of the hill, but the heart of it has been ripped out, too.

The heart of this hill has been ripped out. Check out the two visitors in the distance for an idea of scale.

This first time on Vauquois my brain was boggled by what my eyes were showing me. Holes of this size simply could not exist, even though I was looking at them and a short while later in them. I mean, a two-story home could fit comfortably in these craters with room to spare. To see these mine craters and know that these were man-made creations was startling.

Black and white gives a little more depth, and can give a better idea of the depth and breadth of these craters.
Looking from the French (southern) side of the hill.
A deep mine crater on Vauquois, looking from the French side east to west, roughly. .
The craters show that the heart of the Butte de Vauquois has been ripped out.
A picture of the butte, and the hilltop village before the war.
Your humble podcaster standing in the middle of a monstrous crater.
In the German trenches. The Germans incorporated the remains of the village into their defensive works.
The French monument on Vauquois, sculpted by Marius Roussel, himself a veteran of the French 10th Division. It features scenes recalling the vicious fighting of 1915, with a dead Frenchman buried in the side of a mine gallery. A resolute brother soldier stands at the ready next to the corpse, and over both men are the remains of the chestnut tree that used to stand next to Vauquois’ church.
Looking from behind the German wire towards the French side. The trench lines were so close that conventional infantry attacks were suicidal; mine warfare was the only way to effectively attack the enemy here.
This was why the hill was fought over so ferociously: its heights offered dominating views over the surrounding countryside.